Severity of Clinical Disease and Pathology in Ferrets Experimentally Infected with Influenza Viruses Is Influenced by Inoculum Volume

Early Indicators of Disease in Ferrets Infected with a High Dose of Avian Influenza H5N1

Avian influenza viruses are widespread in birds, contagious in humans, and are categorized as low pathogenicity avian influenza or highly pathogenic avian influenza. Ferrets are susceptible to infection with avian and human influenza A and B viruses and have been widely used as a model to study pathogenicity and vaccine efficacy. In this report, the natural history of the H5N1 influenza virus A...

Detection of avian influenza virus of H9 subtype in the feces of experimentally infected chickens by RT–PCR

  Avian Influenza (AI) is a viral respiratory disease of domestic and wild birds. In the diagnostic laboratory, it is essential to have methods for rapid detection of avian respiratory viruses. Cloacal swabs collected from chickens experimentally infected with H9 subtype AI virus, used in a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for detection of AI. In infected animals, ...

evaluation of fat atrophy in patients with dermis fat graft of orbit by ct-scan

چکیده ندارد.

Bacillus megaterium spore germination is influenced by inoculum size.

AIMS The effect of spore density on the germination (time-to-germination, percent germination) of Bacillus megaterium spores on tryptic soy agar was determined using direct microscopic observation. METHODS AND RESULTS Inoculum size varied from approximately 10(3) to 10(8) cfu ml(-1) in a medium where pH=7 and the sodium chloride concentration was 0.5% w/v. Inoculum size was measured by global...

Evaluation of Humoral Immune Response to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccination in Experimentally Infected Guinea Pigs with Trypanosoma evansi